MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING-1
Placement- SECOND YEAR GNM Time- 120 hours
Course Description:-
This course shall help students understand the concept of disease and
disease process, Students shall be able to gain knowledge and develop
understanding of various medical, surgical disorders and disease. They shall be
able to give comprehensive nursing care to patient with these diseases.
General Objective:-
Upon
completion of this course, the students shall able to:
1. Describe
the cause, symptoms, treatment and prevention of Medical Surgical Diseases.
2. Demonstrate
skill in carrying out nursing technique and procedures with the applicant of scientific
principles.
3. Discuss
nursing process and provide nursing care to patients with medical surgical/ diseases.
Unit I
Introduction
a)
Brief
history of evolution of modern medicine
and surgery
b)
Theories
of illness and its causation -Illness as human experience
c)
Review of Nursing process and Nursing care plan.
Unit II
Nursing assessment
a)
Health Assessment
-
Health history
-
Physical examination
-
Nutritional assessment
-
General clinical investigations
Unit III
Pathophysiological mechanism of disease
a)
Stress adaptation
stressors, management,
Nursing
interventions
b)
Inflammation
c)
Defense against injury
d)
Nutritional consideration
Unit IV
Altered immune response
a)
Overview of
normal immune system
b)
Altered
immune response, hypersensitivity and allergy
c)
Assessment of
immune system
d)
Diagnostic evaluation
e)
Allergy disorders:
-
Anaphylaxis
-
Allergic rhinitis
-
Contact
dermatitis
-
Atopic dermatitis
-
Drug reactions
-
Food allergy
-
Serum sickness
-
Latex allergy
f)
Approaches to
treatallergic diseases
g)
Nursing
management client with altered immune response
h)
Auto immune disease
-
Rheumatoid
arthritis
-
SLE
-
Ankylosing spondylitis
-
Graft versus host disease
Unit V
Fluid and electrolyte
balance and Imbalance
a)
Water contents of body, electrolyte and Acid
–
Base balance
b)
Homeostasis
c)
Review mechanism
of regulating fluid and
electrolyte
movement
d)
Fluid and
electrolyte Acid-Base imbalance and
its management
Unit VI
Operation theatre technique:
a)
Physical Environment
-
Operation
theatre room - cleaning of tables, trolleys, lights and other equipments
-
Pre-operative
holding areas.
b)
Theatre Technique
-
Scrubbing – Hand washing
-
Gowning
-
Gloving
-
Positioning
of patient for various surgical
procedures.
-
Draping of patient.
c)
Preparation
of theatre, equipment and supplies
-
Cleaning
-
Needles, sutures
– types and their uses.
-
Carbolization,
ETO sterilization, fumigation, OT swab, Bacillocid
sterilization.
-
Packing
and sterilization of dressings, linen
rubber ware suture material, instruments, needlesandother materials.
Unit VII
Management of patient
undergoing surgery
a)
Pre operative
preparation and care
-
Physical
-
Psychological,
-
Pre-medications
-
Legal and ethical
b)
Intra operative
management
-
Surgical Team
-
Nursing
activities and responsibilities
-
Anesthetic agents
-
Role of nurse in
anesthesia
c)
Post operative Management
-
Immediate care
-
Transferring patient
from operation theatre
-
Patient in
recovery room
-
Recovery from Anesthesia
-
Post
operative observation and nursing management
-
Carryout the post
operative orders.
-
Postoperative
complication observation, prevention & management.
Unit VIII
Nursing management of
patient with impaired
respiratory function and gaseous exchange
a)
Assessment of respiratory function
-
History
-
Physical examination
-
Diagnostic evaluation
b)
Care
of patient in respiratory intensive care and
ventilator care and respiratory function
c)
Management
of Patient with disorders of upper
respiratory airway.
-
Obstruction of
upper airway
-
Epistaxis
-
Sinusitis
-
Pharyngitis
-
Tonsillitis
-
Laryngitis
-
Deviated nasal septum
d)
Management
of patient with disorders of the
chest and lower respiratory tract
e)
Management of patient with impaired • Lung
abscess
-
Empyema
-
Bronchial asthma
-
COPD
-
Pneumothorax
-
Pneumonia
-
Bronchitis
-
Bronchiectasis
-
Trauma
-
Pulmonary Tuberculosis/DOTS
-
Pulmonary embolism
-
Pulmonary edema
-
Lung tumors
-
Disorders of
pleura and pleural space
-
Lung surgery
-
Respiratory
failure
-
Acute respiratory
distress syndrome,
-
SARS
f)
Alternate therapies
g)
Drugs used in
treatment of disorder of respiratory system
Unit IX
Nursing management of
patient with gastro
intestinal disorders
a)
Assessment of
gastro intestinal function
-
History
-
Physical examination
-
Diagnostic evaluation
b)
Management
of Upper gastrointestinal disorders
-
Parotitis
-
Stomatitis
-
Glossitis
-
Gingivitis
-
Pyorrhea
-
Dental caries
-
Halitosis
-
Dysphagia
-
Achalasiacardia
-
Gastro Esophageal
Reflux Disease (GERD)
-
Cancer of
esophagus
-
Hiatus hernia
-
Gastritis
-
Gastric and
duodenal ulcers
-
Gastric cancer
-
Gastroenteritis
-
Esophageal fistula
-
Peritonitis
-
Care
of patient with gastro intestinal intubation
and special nutritional management.
-
Management
of patient with lower gastro
intestinal disorders:
• Helminthiasis
• Constipation
• Diarrhea
• Fecal incontinence
• Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
• Appendicitis
• Diverticular disease
• Crohn’s disease
• Ulcerative colitis
• Intestinal obstruction
• Colitis
• TB abdomen
• Colorectal cancer
• Polyps of colon and
rectum
• Ano rectal abscess
• Anal fistula and fissure
• Hemorrhoids
-
Alternate therapies
-
Drugs used in
treatment of GI disorders
Unit X
Nursing management of
patients with
metabolic and endocrinal disorders:
a)
Assessment of
Hepatic and biliary functions
-
History
-
Physical examination
-
Diagnostic measures
b)
Management
of patients with hepatic disorders
-
Jaundice
-
Hepatic cirrhosis
-
Portal hypertension
-
Ascites
-
Hepatic
Encephalopathy and coma
-
Viral hepatitis
-
Tumors and cyst
of the liver
-
Liver abscess
c)
Management
of patients with biliary disorders
-
Cholecystitis
-
Cholelithiasis
-
Choledocolithiasis
-
Acute and chronic pancreatitis
-
Cancer of
pancreas
d)
Assessment of
Endocrinal function
-
History
-
Physical examination
-
Diagnostic evaluation
c)
Management of endocrinal disorders
-
Pituitary disorders
-
Thyroid disorders
•
Hyperthyroidism
•
Hypothyroidism
•
Thyroid tumors
•
Goiter
-
Parathyroid disorders
-
Pancreas disorder
•
Diabetes mellitus
-
Adrenal disorders
•
Pheochromocytoma
•
Addison’s disease
•
Cushing’s syndrome
-
Tumors of the endocrine glands
f)
Alternate therapies
g)
Drugs used in
treatment of metabolic and Endocrine
disorder
Unit XI
Nursing management of renal and urinary
disorders
a)
Assessment of renal and urinary functions
-
History
-
Physical examination
-
Diagnostic evaluation
b) Management of patients
with renal and urinary disorders
-
Urinary retention
and incontinence
-
Urinary tract infection
-
Acute and chronic glomerulonephritis
-
Pyelonephritis
-
Urolithiasis
-
Renal calculi
-
Trauma of kidney,
bladder,urethra, ureters
-
Urinary strictures
-
TB of urinary
tract
-
Neurogenic
bladder dysfunction
-
Renal cyst and
renal abscess
-
Nephrotic syndrome
-
Acute and chronic
Renal failure
-
Uremia
-
Acute and chronic nephrosis
-
Tumor – benign
and malignant
-
Care
of patient on hemodialysis and peritoneal
dialysis
-
Care of patient
with renal transplant
-
Assessment of
male Genitourinary function
• History
• Physical examination
• Diagnostic evaluation
-
Disorders
of male genito urinary tract and its management
• Hydrocele,
• Phimosis
• Benign and malignant prostatic hypertrophy
• Orchitis
• Epididymoorchitis
• Cancer penis
-
Alternate therapies
-
Drugs used in
treatment of renal and Urinary disorders
Unit XII
Nursing management of
patients with
neurological disorders:
a)
Assessment
Neurological functions
-
History
-
Physical examination
-
Diagnostic evaluation
b)
Management
of patients with neurologic
dysfunctions
-
Altered level of consciousness
-
Increased
Intracranial pressure
-
Intracranial surgery
c)
Management
of patients with neurological
disorders
-
Headache
-
Migraine
-
Seizures
-
Epilepsy
-
Status epileptics
-
Cerebrovascular
disorder – CVA
-
Neurological
trauma – Head, brain, spinal cord, subdural and extradural hematoma
-
Neurologic infection
-
Meningitis.
•
Brain abscess
•
Encephalitis
-
Degenerative disorders
•
Multiple sclerosis
•
Myasthenia gravis
•
Guillain – Barre syndrome
•
Parkinsonism
•
Alzheimer disease
-
Neuralgia
-
Bell’s Palsy
-
Peripheral neuropathies
-
Brain and spinal
cord tumors
-
Huntington’s disease
-
Muscular Dystrophies
-
Herniation of the
intervertebral disc
d)
Alternate therapies
e)
Drugs used in treatment
of neurological disorders
Unit XIII
Nursing Management of
Patients with
Connective Tissue and Collagen Disorders
a)
Assessment
-
History
-
Physical examination
-
Diagnostic measures
b)
Management
of patients with disorders of
connective tissue and collagen disorders
-
Rheumatoid
arthritis
-
Systemic lupus
Erythematosus (SLE)
-
Scleroderma
-
Polymyositis
-
Osteoarthritis
-
Ankylosing Spondylitis
-
Gout
-
Fibromyalgia
c)
Alternate therapies
d)
Drugs used in
treatment of connective tissue and collagen disorders
Unit XIV
Nursing
management of the elderly
a)
Assessment of the elderly
-
Ageing process
-
Helping
and care of elderly in promoting wellness and self care
b)
Conditions
associated with ageing
-
Dementia
-
Osteoporosis
-
Incontinence –
urinary
-
Sensory deprivation
-
Home and Institutional care
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