PANCREASE

PANCREASE

1.INTRODUCTION:

It Is a  Mixed Gland Which Is Present In The Digestive System .

2.SITUATION :

Pancrease Is Situated In The Epigastric And Left Hypochondriac  Regions Of The Abdominal Cavity.

3. SHAPE

LEAF SHAPE

4. MEASUREMENTS

LENGTH :12 to 15 c m

WEIGHT: 60 grams

COLOUR: Pale Gray

5.parts

Pancrease described into

1.HEAD

2.BODY

3.NARROW TAIL

§  Head lies in the curve of the duodenum.

§  Body lies in a narrow tail.

§  Tail lies in front of the left kidney and reaches the spleen.

§  The abdominal aorta and the inferior venecava lie behind the gland.

§  The pancrease is both an exocrine and endocrine gland.

The exocrine pancrease :-

v  It contains of a large number of lobules made up of the small alveoli, the walls of which consists of secretory cells.

v  Each lobule is drained by tiny duct and these unite to form the pancreatic duct .

v  Which extends the whole length of the gland and opens into the duodenum .

v  The duodenum the pancreatic duct joins  the common bile duct to form the hepato pancreatic ampulla.

v  The duodenal opening of the ampulla is controlled by the hepatopancreatic spincter of oddi .

THE ENDOCRINE GLAND.

Ø  Division of groups of the glands specialled cells called the “pancreatic isletsof langherhans”.

Ø  The islets have no ducts so the hormones diffuse directly into the blood and more in the tail.

Ø  1 to 2 million islets cells are found in human pancrease.

Ø  Alpha cells secretes glucagon .

Ø  Beta cells secretes insulin harmone.

   7.BLOOD SUPPLY.

Arterial supply: pancreatic branches of spleenic artery.

Venous drainage: Splenic and portal veins.

8. NERVE SUPPLY
Symphatetic nerve supply
Parasympatetic nerve supply..

        FUNCTIONS

1.EXOCRINE PART
Secretion of digestive enzymes and pancreatic juice and helps to digest the carbohydrates,proteins and fats.

2.ENDOCRINE PART
Islets of langerhans produces the Insulin.
Pancreatic juice helps to digestion of proteins, carbohydrates and fats.