Dwarfism
Definition
It is a
condition characterized by short stature and premature arrest of growth.
Aetiology
1.Hypopituitarism.
2.Hypothyroidism(Cretin
dwarfism).
3.Hypoplastic
dwarf.
4.Chondrodystrophic
dwarf: Due to achondroplasia.
Treatment
The
cause of the condition is treated appropriately.
5.Diabetes Insipidus
Definition
It is a
condition by deficiency of antidiuretic hormone.
Aetiology
1.Familial:It
occurs in families.
2.Idiopathic:There is no detectable cause.
3.Tumour
of the posterior pituitary gland.
4.Neurosurgery.
5.Head
injury.
6.Encephalitis.
7.Sickle
cell disease.
Clinical features
1.There
is excessive urine output ,up to 3 litre /day.
2.The
urine is light coloured and has a low specific gravity.
3.There
is excessive thirst.
4.There
is nocturnal frequency of micturition, so that the patient has to get up to
pass urine.
5.There
is no sugar in urine, and the blood sugar levels are normal.
Treatment
1.Antidiuretic hormone injections
are given.
2.Bendrofluazide
is given to stimulate antidiuretic hormone.
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