TYPHOID FEVER

 

             TYPHOID FEVER

1.      Causative organism    

         Salmonella typhi

2.      Spread and incidence

Contamination of water, milk or food with sewage. Human carries excrete the organism  in the      stools or in the urine

3.      Incubation period

               10 to 14 days

4.      Clinical features

1.      The onset is gradually start with headache

2.      Slow rising fever and marked malaise

3.      The pulse may be slow

4.      The abdomen may be distended

5.      Usually after a week diarrhea with water y motions

6.      The patient at this stage has a high temperature and dehydration

7.      Rashes usually appears on the abdomen consisting of small around red areas

5.Complication

1.      Hemorrhage from the bowel

2.      Intestinal perforation

3.      Bronchopneumonia

4.      Pyelonephritis

6.Diagnosis

1.      Blood culture

2.      Widal’s test after the just week of infection

3.      Stool culture

4.      Antibiotic sensitivity test

5.      WBC count shows neutropenia

7.Management

1.      Strict general nursing care of the patient with acute infection and fever

2.      Need to isolation with strict barrier nursing  

3.      Disposable eating utensils, urinals and bedpans

4.      Suitable antibiotics as per sensitivity test

 

     7. Prevention

                     Active immunity to typhoid fever is available