CONNECTIVE TISSUE

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Connective tissue/supporting tissue:

It connects between to tissues or organs hence we called it has connective tissue.

These are made up of cells which are found single or in groups of 2 or more,space between the cells is called Matrix. Which is filled with different substances.

Example

1.BONES  > salts of calcium and magnesium with carbonate and phosphate,it helps to make bone rigid and hard.

2.BLOOD  > plasma

 It helps to make blood fluid.

FUNCTIONS:

1.it provide support and protect the internal organs

2.it helps for transportation of materials

3.it stores energy sources , ex:fats.

4.active defence part.

CLASSIFICATION :-

a.connective tissue proper

b.supporting connective tissue or skeleton tissue

c.fluid connective tissue.

A.CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER:-

it refers to connective tissues which with many types of cells and fibers sorrunded by matrix.

Cells of connective tissue :-

Connective tissue cells are found in all organs except blood.

Example :

 Fibroblasts

Fatcells

Macrophages

Leukocytes

Plasma cells

Mast cells.

FIBROBLASTS :-

Fibroblasts are large flat cells with irregular process.

Fibroblasts produce collagen and elastic fibres and a matrix of extracellular material hence called it has reticulin fibres, majorly found in liver, lymphoid tissue and tissue repair (wound healing).

FAT CELLS:-

Fat cells also called it has  Adipocytes.

It mostly occur in singly or in groups of many connective tissue in specially abandent adipose tissue.

It vary in size and shape according to the amount of fat.

MACROPHAGES :-

These are irregular shaped cells with granules in the cytoplasm.

Some are fixed and some attached to the connective tissue fibers.

It plays a important role during defence mechanism i`e helps to digesting cell debris,bacteria and other foreign bodies.

Example :-

1.monocytes in blood

2.phagocytes in alveoli of the lungs

3.kupffer cell in liver sinusoids

Fibroblasts in lymph and spleen

Microglial cells in the brain.

LEUKOCYTES:-(WHITE BLOOD CELL)

It normally found in small numbers but in healthy connective tissue.

It plays a very important role during tissue diffence.

PLASMA CELLS:-

It develops from B-lymphocytes a type of WBC.

They synthesis and secrete specific  defensive antibodies into the blood and tissue.

MAST CELLS :-

These cells are similar to basophil leukocytes

It founds in loose connective tissue.

Example:- liver and spleen blood vessels.

It produce granules it contains heparin,histamine.

It stimulates the secretion of gastric juice and is associated with the development of allergies and hypersensitivity

Heparin prevents the co-agulation of blood.

LOOSE (AREOLAR) CONNECTIVE TISSUE:-

This is the most generalized type of connective tissue

The matrix is semisolid with many fibroblasts and some fat cells.

Mast cells and macrophages widely separated by elastic and collagen fibers.

It is found in almost every part of the body and its provides elasticity and tensile strength.

Example :-

a.under the skin

b.between muscles

c.supporting blood vessels and nerves

d.in the alimentary canal

e.in glands supporting secretory cells.