CARDIAC ARREST
Sudden unexpected
cessation / stoppage of breathing and inadequate circulation of blood by the
heart.
CAUSES
·
Coronary
heart disease
·
Myocardial
infarction
·
Valvular
heart disease .
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION :
v
No pulse
v
No blood
pressure
v
Un consciousness
v
Respiratory
failure
v
Development
of cyanosis
MANAGEMENT :
1. CPR (cardio pulmonary resuscitation )
2. Pharmacological therapy
3. Defibrillation
Assess for LOC (loss of consciousness).
1. Shake the victims shoulder and shout , and
if no response call for help.
2. Position the victim in supine position .
OPEN AIRWAY :
v
Look
,listen and feel
v
Look for
chest movements
v
Listen
for chest movements
v
Feel the
movements of air against your face .
IF NO RESPIRATION :
·
Ventilate
twice (mouth to mouth breathing).
·
Palpate
the carotid pulse if it is not present initiate external cardiac compressions
·
Proper
placements of hands on the lower half of the sternum.
·
Depth of
compressions.
DRUG THERAPY :
§
Morphine
sulphate for pain of acute MI (myo cardial infarction).
§
Chloride
for hypotension.
§
Diuretics
for cerebral edema.
§
Atropine
sulphate to increase the heart rate.
§
Defibrillation
it is electrical shock given to the heart enhance the myocardial cells.
Responsibility of resuscitate team :
1. Apply cardiac monitor
2. Insert an artificial airway.
3. Administer
100% oxygen.
4. Inseret an endotracheal tube to achieve
airway clearance.
5. Start an IV line for the administration of
resuscitation drugs.
6. Administer medications.
7. Reduce the environmental crowding.
8. If necessary put screens around the
patient.
9. Vital signs should be taken every 15
minutes until the patient is stable.
10. Provide psychological support
11. Reassure the patient and family members.
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