LARYNGITIS-Its is the inflammation of the larynx.

 

 LARYNGITIS

 

Definition:

 

            Its is the inflammation of the larynx. The cause of this inflammation is almost always a virus.

  ACUTE LARYNGITIS

 

This is acute superficial catarrheal inflammation of the laryngeal mucosa.

 

Etiology:

 

·         This occurs as a part of generalised respiratory tract infection such as influenza and common cold. Common  during change of season and strain of vice in presence of cold.

·         Sudden exposure, excess of tobacco and alcohol intake.

·         Exposure to dust, chemical, smoke and other pollutants.

·         Associated with acute rhinitis and naso-pharyngitis.

·         It is also associated with exposure to sudden temperature changes, dietary deficiencies.

·          Malnutrition and lack of immunity.

·         Laryngitis also may be the result of Gastric Esophageal Reflux Disorder (GERD).

·         Isolated infection involving only the vocal cords.

 

Clinical Manifestation:

 

·         Hoarseness is the predominant symptoms which varies from slight hoarseness to complete loss of vice. (Aphonia)

·         Pain is usually slight, but more on swallowing and speaking.

·         Cough is dry and irritating, may be associated with and fever.

·         On indirect laryngoscopy, both vocal cords and found to be congested with sticky mucus  on it.

·         The vocal cord looks dull, red and slightly oedematous.

 

 

 

 

Management/ Treatment:

 

·         Voice rest is the most important.

·         Patient is confined to bed.

·         Warm application to the neck is comfortable.

·         Steam inhalation with tincture benzine or menthol is soothing and helps to loosen sticky secretion.

·         Linctus is helpful for irritating cough.

·         Associated cold is to be treated by anti-histamine and decongestant.

·         Systemic antibiotics : Broad spectrum antibiotics is administered in severe cases.

·         Prophylactic measures : Avoidance  from alcohol and smoking.

·         Gastroesophageal reflex is initially treated symptomatically.

·         The client is instructed to elevate the head of the bed to minimise reflex to avoid eating or drinking for 2-3 hours. Before going to sleep.

·         Avoid caffine, alcohol and tobacco which are known to increase gastric secretion and use.

·         Use antacids and hydrogen inhibitors as ranitidine, omeprazole to neutralize and decrease acid production.