FACE

FACE 
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The skeleton of the face is formed by 13 bones  such as
2.zygomatic (cheek)bones
1 maxilla(originated as 2)
2 nasal bones
2 lacrimal bones
1 vomer
2 palatine bones
2 inferior  conchae
1 mandible

Zygomatic (cheek) bones form the prominences of the cheeks and part of the floor and lateral walls of the orbital cavities.

This originates as two bones,but fusion takes place before birth.
The maxilla forms the upper jaw, the anterior part of the roof of the mouth,the lateral walls of the nasal cavity and part of the floor of the orbital cavities.

The alveolar ridge,or process, projects downwards and carries the upper teeth.
On each is a large air sinus,the maxillary sinus,lined with ciliated mucous membrane and with openings into the nasal cavity.

These are two small flat bones that form the greater part of the lateral and superior surfaces of the bridge of the nose.

These two small bones are posterior and lateral to the nasal bones and form part of the medial walls of the orbital cavities.

Each is pierced by a foramen for the passage of the nasolacrimal duct that carries the tears from  the medial canthus of the eye to the nasal cavity.

The vomer is thin flat bone that extends upwards from the middle of the hard palate to form most of the interior part of the nasal septum.
Superiorly it articulates with the perpendicular plate of the etmoid bone.

These are two small L-shaped bones.
The horizontal parts unite to form the posterior part of the hard palate and the perpendicular parts project upwards to form part of the lateral walls of the nasal cavity.
At their upper extrimities they form part of the orbital cavities.

Each concha is a scroll-shaped bone, which forms part of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and projects into it below the middle concha.

The superior and middle conchae are parts of the ethmoid bone.
The conchae collectively increase the surface area in the nasal cavity,allowing inspired air to be warmed and humidified more effectively.

This is the lower jaw , the only movable bone of the skull.
It originates as two parts that unite at the midline.
Each half consists of two main parts: a curved body with the alveolar ridge containing the lower  teeth and a ramus,which projects upwards almost at right angles to the posterior end of the body.
At the upper end the ramus divides into the condylar process which articulates with the temporal bone to form the tempomandibular joint and the coronoid process, which gives attachement to muscles and ligaments that close the jaw.
The point where the ramus joins the body is the angle of the jaw.

This is an isolated horseshoe-shaped bone lying in the soft tissues of the neck just above the larynx and below the mandible.
It does not articulate with any other bone,but is attached to the styloid process of the temporal bone by ligaments.

It supports the larynx and gives attachment to the base of the tongue. 

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