Craniotomy
It is a
surgical procedure in which the cranial cavity is entered by making an opening
in the skull.
Indications
1.To
elevate a depressed fracture of the skull.
2.To
drain an extradural hematoma.
3.To
drain a subdural hematoma.
4.To
remove a brain tumor.
5.To
ligate a Berry aneurysm.
6.To
prevent blindness in a case of acromegaly due to compression of optic nerve.
7.To
drain a brain abscess.
8.Ventriculography.
9.Ventriculoatrial
shunt for hydrocephalus.
Preoperative care
1.A complete
neurological assessment is done to find out the exact neurological deficit
present.
2.The
procedure is explained to the patient and his relatives and their informed
consent is obtained.
3.If the
patient is aphasic, he is given a piece of paper and pencil to write down what
he wants to say.
Postoperative care
2.Complete
bed rest is given.
3.He is
kept in a room which is clean and airy, but without a blast of air coming on
him directly.
4.He is
put on a Dunlop bed, and if that is not available, a cotton bed, but not a coir
bed. A water bed is ideal for preventing bed sores.
5.His
bed should be made every day. It should be clean, dry, and warm.
6.His position
should be changed every 2 hours, so that, he does not develop bed sores.
7.The
back and the pressure points are dried and cleaned with spirit every 2
hours to prevent bed sores.
8.He
should be sponged every day.
9.His
vital parameters are recorded half hourly.
10.Input
and output chart is maintained.
11.Oral
hygiene is maintained.
12.Intravenous
fluids are given. Oral liquids are
started after the first three days.
13.A
bowel movement is ensured every day.
14.Vomiting
is observed and the findings are recorded.
15.Nails
are cut once a week.
16.Hair
bath is given once a week.
17.Antibiotics
are given as prescribed by doctor.
Complications
1.Meningitis.
2.Injury
to brain and neurological damage.
0 Comments